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Slide 1
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神在曠野豈能擺設筵席麼?-Psalm 78:18-25. 18 他們心中試探神、隨自己所欲的求食物. 19 並且妄論神、說、神在曠野豈能擺設筵席麼。 20 他曾擊打磐石、使水湧出、成了江河.他還能賜糧食麼.還能為他的百姓預備肉麼。 ……… 24 降嗎哪像雨給他們喫、將天上的糧食賜給他們。25 各人喫大能者的食物.他賜下糧食、使他們飽足。NIV 18 They willfully put God to the test by demanding the food they craved. 19 They spoke against God; they said, "Can God really spread a table in the wilderness? 20 True, he struck the rock, and water gushed out, streams flowed abundantly, but can he also give us bread? Can he supply meat for his people?” ……… 24 he rained down manna for the people to eat, he gave them the grain of heaven. 25 Human beings ate the bread of angels; he sent them all the food they could eat.
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人活著是靠神口裡所出的一切話-Matthew 4:1-4. 1 當時,耶穌被聖靈引到曠野,受魔鬼的試探2 他禁食四十晝夜,後來就餓了. 3 那試探人的進前來,對他說,你若是神的兒子,可以吩咐這些石頭變成食物. 4 耶穌卻回答說,經上記著說,『人活著、不是單靠食物、乃是靠神口裡所出的一切話。』4:4 NIV Jesus answered, “It is written: ‘Man shall not live on bread alone, but on every word that comes from the mouth of God.’”-Deuteronomy 8:3 他苦煉你、任你飢餓、將你和你列祖所不認識的嗎哪賜給你喫、使你知道人活著、不是單靠食物、乃是靠耶和華口裡所出的一切話。NIV He humbled you, causing you to hunger and then feeding you with manna, which neither you nor your ancestors had known, to teach you that man does not live on bread alone but on every word that comes from the mouth of the LORD.
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TANACH (תנ"ך) 舊約聖經 (A Jewish Way Calling the OT)Torah (תורה): the Law of Moses 律法Neviim (נביאים): the Prophets 先知書Ketuvim (כתובים): Writings, Documents 文獻-Luke 24:44 NIV He said to them, This is what I told you while I was still with you: Everything must be fulfilled that is written about me in the Law of Moses, the Prophets and the Psalms.耶穌對他們說、這就是我從前與你們同在之時、所告訴你們的話、說、摩西的律法、先知的書、和詩篇上所記的、凡指著我的話、都必須應驗.-Matthew 5:17 NKJ Do not think that I came to destroy the Law or the Prophets. I did not come to destroy but to fulfill. 莫想我來要廢掉律法和先知.我來不是要廢掉、乃是要成全.
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Division of the Old Testament猶太人一般將舊約聖經分成三個部分,即律法(Torah)、先知書(Nevi’im)和文獻(Ketuvim);以色列的猶太人稱之為“המקרא”(HaMikra;the thing which is read),而猶太人以這三部分的希伯來文名字的頭一個字母組成一個合成,名為“תנ"ך”(Tanach). 他們將聖經書卷的分法列出如下:律法:創世記、出埃及記、利未記、民數記、申命記 (5)先知書:前先知書與後先知書 (8)前先知書:約書亞記、士師記、撒母耳記上下、列王記上下後先知書:以賽亞書、耶利米書、以西結書、十二小先知書文獻/書卷:五卷、真理之書及其他 (11)節期經卷(五卷):雅歌、路得記、哀歌、傳道書、以斯帖記智慧之書:詩篇、箴言、約伯記其他:但以理書、歷代誌上下、以斯拉尼希米*Thus, the total becomes 24 books by the Jewish counting of the Old Testament.
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出埃及記 12章到申命記的年代學 Exod.Bib. DateEventReference-Exodus chapters 12-40 (One year – 15 days)1st 01-15Passover / Exodus, Ex 12:1-371st 03-01Arrival at SinaiEx 19:11st 03-06Ten Words (Mishna Shabbath 86b) Ex 19:10-12; 24:132nd 01-01The tabernacle was set upEx 40:2, 17-Leviticus chapters 1-27 (One month)-Numbers chapters 1-36 (38 years 9 months)2nd 02-01Census taken Num 1:1-4, 182nd 02-20Departure from SinaiNum 10:11-1239th 05-01Aaron diedNum 20:28-Deuteronomy chapters 1-34 (One month)40th 11-01Moses’ first reading in DeuteronomyDeut 1:340th 11-29Moses diedDeut 34:7
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出埃及記 12~40章的年代學Exod.Bib. DateEvent Reference 出埃及記 12~40章的年代 (1年減15天)1st 01-15Passover / Exodus, Ex 12:1-37 (Num 33:3)1st 03-01Arrival at SinaiEx 19:11st 03-06Ten Words (Mishna Shabbath 86b) Ex 19:10-12; 24:132nd 01-01 The tabernacle was set upEx 40:2, 17-Numbers 33:3-4. 3 正月十五日,就是逾越節的次日,以色列人從蘭塞起行,在一切埃及人眼前昂然無懼地出去。4那時,埃及人正葬埋他們的長子,就是耶和華在他們中間所擊殺的;耶和華也敗壞他們的神。-Exodus 19:1 בַּחֹ֙דֶשׁ֙ הַשְּׁלִישִׁ֔י לְצֵ֥את בְּנֵי־יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל מֵאֶ֣רֶץ מִצְרָ֑יִם בַּיּ֣וֹם הַזֶּ֔ה בָּ֖אוּ מִדְבַּ֥ר סִינָֽי׃NKJ In the third month after the children of Israel had gone out of the land of Egypt, on the same day, they came to the Wilderness of Sinai. / NRS On the third new moon after ..….. / 以色列人出埃及地以後、滿了三個月的那一天、就來到西乃的曠野。-Exodus 40:2 正月初一日,你要立起帳幕,17 第二年正月初一日,帳幕就立起來。
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出埃及記 12~40章的年代學Exod.Bib. DateEvent Reference 出埃及記 12~40章的年代 (1年減15天)1st 01-15Passover / Exodus, Ex 12:1-37 (Num 33:3)1st 03-01Arrival at SinaiEx 19:11st 03-06Ten Words (Mishna Shabbath 86b) Ex 19:10-12; 24:132nd 01-01 The tabernacle was set upEx 40:2, 17-Numbers 33:3-4. 3 正月十五日,就是逾越節的次日,以色列人從蘭塞起行,在一切埃及人眼前昂然無懼地出去。4那時,埃及人正葬埋他們的長子,就是耶和華在他們中間所擊殺的;耶和華也敗壞他們的神。-Exodus 19:1 בַּחֹ֙דֶשׁ֙ הַשְּׁלִישִׁ֔י לְצֵ֥את בְּנֵי־יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל מֵאֶ֣רֶץ מִצְרָ֑יִם בַּיּ֣וֹם הַזֶּ֔ה בָּ֖אוּ מִדְבַּ֥ר סִינָֽי׃NKJ In the third month after the children of Israel had gone out of the land of Egypt, on the same day, they came to the Wilderness of Sinai. / NRS On the third new moon after ..….. / 以色列人出埃及地以後、滿了三個月的那一天、就來到西乃的曠野。-Exodus 40:2 正月初一日,你要立起帳幕,17 第二年正月初一日,帳幕就立起來。
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利未記 1~27章的年代學Exod.Bib. DateEventReference 出埃及記 12~40章的年代 (1年減15天)2nd 01-01The tabernacle was set upEx 40:2, 17 利未記 1~27章的年代 (1個月)2nd 02-01Census takenNum 1:1-4, 18-Leviticus 1:1 耶和華從會幕中呼叫摩西、對他說.-Exodus 40:2 正月初一日,你要立起帳幕,17 第二年正月初一日,帳幕就立起來。 *民數記1章記載以色列人被神吩咐數點人口為第2年2月1日。-Numbers 1:1 以色列人出埃及地後,第二年二月初一日,耶和華在西乃的曠野,會幕中曉諭摩西說。-Numbers 1:18 當二月初一日招聚全會眾。會眾就照他們的家室、宗族、人名的數目,從二十歲以外的,都述說自己的家譜。
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民數記 1~36章的年代學Exod.Bib. DateEventReference 利未記 1~27章的年代 (1個月) 民數記 1~36章的年代 (38年9個月)2nd 02-01Census takenNum 1:1-4, 182nd 02-20Departure from SinaiNum 10:11-1240th 11-01Moses’ first reading in DeuteronomyDeut 1:3-Numbers 1:1 以色列人出埃及地後,第二年二月初一日,耶和華在西乃的曠野,會幕中曉諭摩西說。/ -Numbers 1:18 當二月初一日招聚全會眾。會眾就照他們的家室、宗族、人名的數目,從二十歲以外的,都述說自己的家譜。-Numbers 10:11 第二年二月二十日、雲彩從法櫃的帳幕收上去.-Deuteronomy 1:3 出埃及第四十年十一月初一日、摩西照耶和華藉著他所吩咐以色列人的話、都曉諭他們.-Deuteronomy 2:14 自從離開加低斯巴尼亞、到過了撒烈溪的時候、共有三十八年、等那世代的兵丁、都從營中滅盡、正如耶和華向他們所起的誓。*Numbers 9:1-14 (逾越節). 9:1-2 以色列人出埃及地以後、第二年正月、耶和華在西乃的曠野吩咐摩西說、以色列人應當在所定的日期守逾越節.
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申命記 1~34章的年代學Exod.Bib. DateEventReference 民數記 1~36章的年代 (38年9個月)40th 11-01Moses’ first reading in DeuteronomyDeut 1:3 申命記 1~34章的年代 (1個月)40th 11-29Moses diedDeut 34:741st 01-10Jordan crossingJoshua 4:19 -Deuteronomy 1:3 出埃及第四十年十一月初一日、摩西照耶和華藉著他所吩咐以色列人的話、都曉諭他們. -Deuteronomy 34:7-8 摩西死的時候、年一百二十歲.眼目沒有昏花、精神沒有衰敗. 以色列人在摩押平原為摩西哀哭了三十日、為摩西居喪哀哭的日子就滿了. -Joshua 1:11 你們要走遍營中、吩咐百姓、說、當預備食物.因為三日之內、你們要過這約但河、進去得耶和華你們 神賜你們為業之地. / -Joshua 2:22 二人到山上、在那裡住了三天、等著追趕的人回去了。追趕的人一路找他們、卻找不著. / -Joshua 3:2 過了三天、官長走遍營中、 / -Joshua 3:5 約書亞吩咐百姓說、你們要自潔.因為明天耶和華必在你們中間行奇事. -Joshua 4:19 正月初十日、百姓從約但河裡上來、就在吉甲、在耶利哥的東邊安營.
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出埃及記 12章到申命記的年代學 BCBib. DateEventReference-Exodus chapters 12-40 (One year – 15 days)146101-15Passover / Exodus, Ex 12:1-37146103-01Arrival at SinaiEx 19:1146103-06Ten Words (Mishna Shabbath 86b) Ex 19:10-12; 24:13146001-01The tabernacle was set upEx 40:2, 17-Leviticus chapters 1-27 (One month)-Numbers chapters 1-36 (38 years 9 months)146002-01Census takenNum 1:1-4, 18-Deuteronomy chapters 1-34 (One month)142111-01Moses’ first reading in DeuteronomyDeut 1:3 11-29Moses diedDeut 34:7*****40 days twice & Moses alone in his own tent (of meeting)
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Slide 24
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Slide 26
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摩西的律法 the Law of Moses Matthew 5:17 莫想我來要廢掉律法和先知.我來不是要廢掉,乃是要成全,*‘The Law and the Prophets’ means the whole Old Testament, i.e., the Bible at the first century AD. See the following references wherethis phrase and similar ones appear in the New Testament:1) ‘The Law and the Prophets’ 律法和先知 (ὁ νόμος καὶ οἱ προφῆται).Matthew 5:17; 7:12; 11:13; 22:40; Luke 16:16; Acts 13:15; 24:14; Romans 3:212) ‘Moses and the Prophets’ 摩西和先知[的話] (Μωϋσῆς καὶ οἱ προφῆται).Luke 16:29, 31; 24:27; Acts 26:223) ‘the Law of Moses and the Prophets’ 摩西的律法和先知[的書] (ὁ νόμος Μωϋσέως καὶ οἱ προφῆται).John 1:45; Acts 28:234) ‘the Law of Moses and the Prophets and the Psalms’ 摩西的律法,先知,和詩篇 (τῷ νόμῳ Μωϋσέως καὶ τοῖς προφήταις καὶ ψαλμοῖς).Luke 24:44 *Cf. ‘the Law of Moses’ alone 摩西的律法 (ὁ νόμος Μωϋσέως).Luke 2:22; John 1:17; 7:19, 23; 8:5; Acts 13:39; 15:5; 1 Corinthians 9:9; Hebrews 10:28-‘the book of Moses’ 摩西的書 (ἡ βίβλος Μωϋσέως). Mark 12:26
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耶穌是從天上來的生命的糧-Two key words of John chapter 6ἄρτος (餅 bread): 21 times (24 times in John’s Gospel)ζωή (生命 life): 11 times (36 times in John’s Gospel) *It is quite apparent that the main theme of John chapter 6 is about Jesus Christ, who is our ‘Bread of Life’. This chapter starts with the story of ‘Feeding the Five Thousand’ (John 6:1-15).-John 6:27-35. 27 不要為那必壞的食物勞力、要為那存到永生的食物勞力、就是人子要賜給你們的.因為人子是父神所印證的。31 我們的祖宗在曠野喫過嗎哪、如經上寫著說、『他從天上賜下糧來給他們喫。』32 耶穌說、我實實在在的告訴你們、那從天上來的糧、不是摩西賜給你們的、乃是我父將天上來的真糧賜給你們。35 耶穌說、我就是生命的糧.到我這裡來的、必定不餓.信我的、永遠不渴。
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民數記 6:24-26 願耶和華賜福給你,保護你. 願耶和華使他的臉光照你,賜恩給你. 願耶和華向你仰臉,賜你平安.